Explain the concept of log-based recovery with the help of an example for the deferred database modification scheme. What is a checkpoint? How can it be used in recovery? Explain with the help of an example.

What are Multimedia databases? What are the challenges in designing multi-media databases? Also, explain the requirements of a Geographical Information System and features of Genome databases.

Create an XML document for Books using Book ID as an attribute. It should include information about the title of the Book, Author list of the Book, ISBN number of the book, Publisher of the Book, price of the book, year of publication and a brief description of the book. Create the necessary DTD to verify the document. You should show data of at least 3 books

Explain the multi-valued dependency and Join-Dependency with the help of an example of each. Explain the 4th Normal Form and 5th Normal Form with the help of an example of each.

Explain the transaction management and indexing in PostgreSQL.

Explain the concept of log-based recovery with the help of an example for the deferred database modification scheme. What is a checkpoint? How can it be used in recovery? Explain with the help of an example.

Explain the term Serializability with the help of an example. Explain the two-phase locking protocol in the context of concurrent transactions. Also, explain the timestamp-based protocols for concurrent transactions.

Briefly explain the architecture of the Oracle Database Management System