Solve your Ignou Doubts

Create an appropriate database for a study centre management system. (Perform Normalization till the required levels) with meaningful data of 10 records each per table

Write a shell script to convert all the lower case letters to uppercase in a given text file.

Write a shell script to find whether the given year is a leap year or not.

Write a shell program to count number of characters, number of lines and no. of other symbols in a given file.

Write the UNIX commands for the following:
(a) To print the calendar for the current month.
(b) To append the contents of file1 after the contents of the file2 and redirect them to a new file3.
(c) To print the first difference between any two given files.
(d) To change the command prompt from $ to !.
(e) To grant the permissions of r w x to the user and read, execute permissions to the group and others for all the files in a current directory.
(f) To direct a standard output to any of the line printer.
(g) To list all the files in the current directory whose file names starts with f.
(h) To execute some command even after logout.
(i) To split a file splittest, which is containing 20 lines into 5 lines each which are directed to four various files.
(j) To display the last 2 lines in a given text file.

Background and Project Specifications:

A warehouse maintains the information about its inventory using a “Materials Management System”. This system is used to maintain information about the receipt and issue of material to different persons/departments of the company. Every person/department in the company is given a username and password for using the Materials Management System. A person can request various items from the warehouse from their account by specifying the item code/name, quantity required and the purpose of using that item. The warehouse staff issues those items to the person and takes a receipt of the issue. The Materials management system is also used to maintain a minimum level of inventory based on its use in the warehouse. In case an item falls below the minimum level, a purchase order for those goods is generated. The system also maintains an approved list of suppliers to whom these orders are issued.

You may study the requirements for the Materials Management System in more detail. Perform the following tasks for the proposed system:

Q1: 

(a) Which Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) will you propose for the specification given above Explain the proposed SDLC.
(b) Justify you selection by evaluating suitability of at least two SDLCs.

Q2:

(a) What would be major costs of the system development?
(b) What may be the financial benefits of installing such a system?
(c) Perform a cost-benefit analysis for the proposed software and report its findings.
(d) List the major tasks and milestones of the Project and make a project schedule. The schedule must
include both GANTT and PERT charts. Explain the two charts drawn by you.

Q3: 

(a) Study the system and create a software requirement specification. You must identify either the processes or objects while analyzing. During the analysis identify and explain possible input and output of the processes.
(b) After identifying the requirements, create Analysis Models. You may either use the classical approach and draw Entity relationship diagram and data flow diagrams (DFD’s) up to level 2-3; or you may take object-oriented analysis approach and create class diagram, use case diagram, use cases etc.

Q4: 

(a) Design the system architecture and the database as per the system’s needs. You must perform normalization on tables up to 3rd normal form. The table design must include Primary and Foreign keys and constraints.

(b) Create the system flow chart or detailed process design and state transition diagrams. Also design the
user input screens and output report formats.

Q5:

Design various unit test cases for different testing techniques/strategies. 

Explain the transaction management and indexing in PostgreSQL.

Briefly explain the architecture of the Oracle Database Management System

What are Multimedia databases? What are the challenges in designing multi-media databases? Also, explain the requirements of a Geographical Information System and features of Genome databases.

Explain the characteristics of a data warehouse. What are the components of a data warehouse? Explain. Also, explain the multi-dimensional data, star schema and snowflake schema in the context of a data warehouse with the help of an example. How is a data warehouse related to data mining?

How is the SELECT and JOIN operation can be performed in a DBMS? Explain the Index Scan in the context of the SELECT operation. What is the cost of performing the SELECT operation using Index Scan? Also, write and explain the algorithms for performing a join using Nested-loop join and Block-nested loop join methods. Also, illustrate the computation of the cost of the join operations for Nested loop join with the help of an example.

What is access control in the context of DBMS? What are the different access permissions that can be granted using SQL? Explain with the help of an example of each. Explain the concept of Statistical database security with the help of an example.

Explain the concept of log-based recovery with the help of an example for the deferred database modification scheme. What is a checkpoint? How can it be used in recovery? Explain with the help of an example.

Explain the term Serializability with the help of an example. Explain the two-phase locking protocol in the context of concurrent transactions. Also, explain the timestamp-based protocols for concurrent transactions.

Explain the multi-valued dependency and Join-Dependency with the help of an example of each. Explain the 4th Normal Form and 5th Normal Form with the help of an example of each.

Create an XML document for Books using Book ID as an attribute. It should include information about the title of the Book, Author list of the Book, ISBN number of the book, Publisher of the Book, price of the book, year of publication and a brief description of the book. Create the necessary DTD to verify the document. You should show data of at least 3 books

Explain the following with the help of an example. 
(a) Stored Procedures and Triggers
(b) Embedded SQL

Design a generalization /specialization hierarchy for a University Admission System. The University has many programmes, each programme has a specific duration. Registration into a programme requires students to register for many subjects of that Programme. The eligible students can take fresh admission or can re-register in the courses by paying the requisite fee.

Justify your placement of attributes at each level of the hierarchy. Convert the diagram into tables with integrity constraints for each table.

Explain how digital signatures are used in the context of network security. What are the uses of digital signatures?

Explain the Diffie-Hellman algorithm. Also, explain an example of its use. (6 Marks)

What are the security considerations of WWW? Discuss the use of SSL and S-HTTP for web security.

Explain the TCP segment header with the help of a diagram. Explain the process of TCP connection establishment using a three-way handshake mechanism. Also, explain the TCP flow control with the help of an example.

Apply Dijkstra’s Shortest path algorithm to find the shortest path from a source node A to all the other nodes in a graph given below:

Explain the IEEE 802.11 protocol stack with the help of diagrams.

What is the purpose of Routing algorithms? Explain the link state routing algorithm with the help of an example.

Explain different versions of the CSMA protocol. Also, explain the CSMA/CD with the help of diagrams.

Explain the ALOHA and Slotted ALOHA. Also, derive the expression for computing the throughput for ALOHA and Slotted ALOHA. How does throughout change with load in ALOHA? Explain with the help of a diagram.

Explain the concept of Digital-to-Digital encoding. Sketch the Differential Manchester coding and RƵ encoding of the following bit stream:

Find CRC for the data polynomial  with the generator polynomial 

What are the Basic types of errors during data transmission, explain with the help of an example.

Explain one technique each for Analog to Digital modulation and Digital to Analog modulation with the help of diagrams.

Discuss in detail the Process management, Memory management, I/O & File management and Security and Protection in Windows-11 Operating System.

Explain the difference between scheduling and allocation of processor resources in a multiprocessor operating system. Identify the counterpart of each, if any, in a uniprocessor operating system. (1

Describe why authentication is important for file protection.

List the security attacks that cannot be prevented by encryption.

Write and explain the Banker’s algorithm. Consider the following snapshot of a system

Answer the following questions using Banker's algorithm:

i. What is the content of the matrix need?
ii. Is the system in a safe state?
iii.If a request from P1 arrives for (0, 4, 2, 0), can the request be granted immediately?

What will be the number of page faults for the algorithms (FIFO, LRU and Optimal) for the following page reference string:

1,2,6,7,2,4,1,7,5,5,3,5,1,2,1,5,7,6,3

for a memory with 4 frames?

Consider the following jobs:

a) Using the SJF method, compute the completion times of the above jobs, average turnaround time and average waiting time.

b) Using the SRTF (Shortest Remaining Time first) method, compute the completion times of the above jobs, the average turnaround time and the average waiting time. Note that SRTF is SJF with preemption.

Completion time - arrival time = turnaround time

c) Using the Round Robin method (with Quantum = 3), compute the completion times of the above jobs and the average waiting time.

Write a monitor solution to the dining philosopher’s problem.

Section C: MCS-035: Accountancy and financial Management

Post the following transactions of a medical company to prepare the journal, ledger and trial balance:

Section B: MCS-34: Software Engineering

For the Online admission app problem discussed in a section A do the following tasks:
a) Develop SRS.
b) Draw Data Flow Diagrams (Level 0 and Level 1)
c) Draw an E-R diagram and its related normalized tables. 

a) Receivables Management
b) Accounting Rate of Return Method
c) Characteristics of Current Assets
d) Cash Forecasting and Budgeting

Explain preparation of Fund Flow Statement with and example.

Explain different ratios and indexes used in inventory control.

Explain the Principles of financial management and describe the objectives of financial management.

Explain the operating cycle concept and discuss the factors influencing working capital requirement.

Explain accounting equation and broad categories of accounts in detail.

Explain the scope of Accounting and discuss how it act as an Information System. Also, explain the nature of accounting function and describe the orgenisation for accounting and finance.

Assume that you are assigned responsibility of developing an Online Grade Card Generation System (OGCGS). OGCGS will have all fields such as Enrollment Number, Name of Student, Programme Code, Programme Title, Course Codes, e-mail address, Mobile Number etc. You need to include more than 10 courses in the database so that the Grade Card will have marks of all the Courses. You need not limit yourself to the fields listed above. You can add more or reduce depending on the assumptions you make. There should be provision for generation of reports. Make necessary assumptions.

For developing OGCGS as specified above,

(a) Which SDLC paradigm will be selected. Justify your answer. 
(b) List the functional and non-functional requirements. 
(c) Estimate cost. 
(d) Estimate effort.
(e) Develop SRS using IEEE format.
(f) List queries for whom Reports can be generated 

Verify, “If an undirected graph has exactly two vertices of odd degree there must be a path joining these two vertices.”